What are the main components of a diaphragm/piston accumulator?

A diaphragm or piston accumulator consists of several key components that work together to store and release hydraulic fluid under pressure. The main components of a diaphragm or piston accumulator are as follows:
Cylinder Body: The cylinder body serves as the main housing for the accumulator. It is typically cylindrical in shape and made of sturdy materials such as steel or aluminum. The cylinder body contains the necessary ports for fluid inlet, outlet, and gas charging.
Diaphragm or Piston: The diaphragm or piston separates the cylinder body into two compartments—the gas side and the fluid side. The diaphragm is a flexible membrane made of materials like rubber or elastomer, while the piston is a solid cylindrical component usually sealed with O-rings or other sealing mechanisms.
Gas Precharge System: The gas precharge system is responsible for providing the initial compressed gas in the gas side of the accumulator. It usually consists of a valve or fitting connected to the gas port, allowing gas to be introduced and pressurized inside the accumulator.
Fluid Port and Fittings: The fluid port and fittings provide the connection points for hydraulic fluid to enter and exit the accumulator. The fluid inlet port allows the hydraulic fluid to flow into the fluid side, while the fluid outlet port enables the discharge of fluid to the hydraulic system.
Gas and Fluid Seals: Sealing components, such as O-rings or gaskets, are used to prevent gas and fluid leakage between the gas side and fluid side, as well as at the fluid ports and fittings. These seals ensure airtight and watertight operation of the accumulator.
Gas Chamber: The gas chamber is the compartment in the gas side of the accumulator that holds the compressed gas, typically nitrogen. It applies pressure on the diaphragm or piston, exerting force on the hydraulic fluid in the fluid side.
Mounting Brackets or Base: Accumulators are often mounted to a structure or system using brackets or a base. These components provide stability and secure attachment points for the accumulator to ensure proper operation and safety.
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